What are the two classes of couplings?

The classification of couplings into flexible and rigid types reflects the functional roles they perform in mechanical systems.

Flexible couplings are designed to accommodate misalignment between connected shafts, allowing for some degree of movement. This flexibility helps prevent damage to the components of the drive system by absorbing shocks and vibrations, thereby extending the overall life of both the coupling and the machinery. Flexible couplings can be composed of materials like elastomers or springs that give them the ability to deform under load, enhancing the system's tolerance to misalignment.

Rigid couplings, on the other hand, serve the purpose of connecting two shafts that are perfectly aligned. They create a solid, permanent connection, ensuring that the rotational input from one shaft is accurately transferred to the other without any loss of motion or energy. This type of coupling is best used in applications where perfect alignment is achievable and shock absorption is not required.

Understanding these two classes of couplings is essential for selecting the appropriate coupling type based on application needs, whether it be for accommodating misalignment or providing a solid connection. Each class serves specific functions and is chosen based on the mechanical requirements of the system being designed or maintained.